Genetic diversity among five native Thai chickens and Khiew-Phalee chickens in lower-northern Thailand using mitochondrial DNA barcodes

Abstract. Siriwadee P, Wirot L, Thanapol Wirawan N. 2023. Genetic diversity among five native Thai chickens and Khiew-Phalee in lower-northern Thailand using mitochondrial DNA barcodes. Biodiversitas 24: 1962-1970. Native are an important biological resource Thailand, with each breed having distinctive features. a valuable investment cultural wisdom invaluable worthy of conservation. It is the royal rooster Phraya Phichai Dab Hak. Due to crisis concerning sharp decline size chicken population, identification potential biomarkers for determination different breeds future planning. This study aimed investigate molecular based on (mtDNA) barcodes, especially chickens, which difficult morphological examination. Partial sequences 648 bp mtDNA control region fragments were determined 53 specimens six (Khiew-Phalee, Thao Thong, Leung Hang Khao, Chee, Pra Dhu Dam Kai Jae). was accessed number polymorphic sites, haplotypes, haplotype diversity, nucleotide average differences. A phylogenetic tree constructed maximum likelihood. The results showed that eighteen haplotypes identified from 9 sites polymorphism between nucleotides 1074, 1107, 1109, 1177, 1213, 1214, 1268, 1276 1305. differences all 0.917, 0.00504 2.69086, respectively. All 7 0.897 0.00696 at 3.1795 clustered other tree. findings indicated barcoding gene effective method identify breeds. better choice biology plan further conservation development by Department Livestock Development Thailand.